Data travo flyback 154-177B and its equation

Pin functions:
1.  H (Colector)     2.  180V      3. B+110     4.  GND      5. 12V      6. 24V      7. 40V                          8. ABL       9. HT(Heater)      10. AFC
Equation : 154-064P   FCK-14B047   JF0501-1206   JF0501-91802   154-374A   6174Z-6238L
FCM20B058   FCM14047   FCM20B009   FCM14B009   6174V-6006D   6174Z-8003A
6174Z-8004R   FUY20B009

JVC image dark, normal OSD and sound

This TV comes with symptoms: a dark image but the OSD (On Screen Display) and Normal Voice. If you've had, this is exactly like the damage that often occurs in TV Sony Chassis BG-2S caused the ABL resistor open.
But despite its symptoms look the same, but the cause is completely different.

Initially we also thought that the damage must be on the ABL, but After measurements were taken both on the voltage and its supporting components reveals no problems in this area of ​​the ABL.

Power amplifier BTL

Audio amplifiers operate either in a BTL (bridged) or single-ended ("normal") configuration. In the single-ended setup, the output lead goes to the "hot" or "+" side of the load (speaker or speaker box since we are talking audio) and the "-" or "negative" side of the load is tied to a common ground shared with the amplifier. In the BTL configuration, one amp is connected to the "+" side of the speaker (load) and a second amp is connected to the "-" side of the load. For this to work, the output signal from the second amplifier must be a "mirror image" (identical in every respect, but 180 degrees out of phase) of the output from the first amp. The BTL configuration is most often seen in low-voltage, battery-powered applications (like cell phones or "walkman" type personal tape or cd players etc) or in automotive applications over about 10 watts per channel.

In the BTL configuration, each amp drives half the load impedance. With the signals being out of phase, the voltage swing across the load appears to be doubled, and with each amp driving half the impedance the current is doubled. In theory the bridged pair will produce 4 times the power into the load that either amp acting alone could provide. In reality it seldom works that well.

This is an power amplifier circuit of a BTL system, which comprises a first op-amp chip which outputs an output signal having a same phase as an input signal input to a signal input terminal, a second operational amplifier which outputs an output signal having an opposite phase to the input signal, a voltage divider which generates a midpoint voltage of the input signal, a first resistor connected between an output terminal and a negative phase input terminal of the first operational amplifier, second and third resistors connected in series between the negative phase input terminals of the first and second operational amplifiers, a fourth resistor connected between an output terminal and the negative phase input terminal of the second operational amplifier, and an impedance converter connected between a midpoint voltage node of the voltage divider and a series-connection node of the second and third resistors. (end of abstract)

List Componet:
R1, R2,R3, R4, R6..................... 10kOhm.
R3............................................. 20kOhm.
C1, C2, C3, C4........................... 10µF.
Catu daya (VCC) ±12 V.



source : http://elektroarea.blogspot.com

300 Watt OCL audio amplifier circuit

This is a 300W power amplifier OCL circuit that the circuit has been stout kit on the market. If you are fanatical about the use of transistors 2N3055 and MJ2955 jengkol then this circuit is the answer. This power amplifier OCL circuit delivering a blasting 300 watts to a 4 Ohm speaker.

The amplifier circuit is very Cheapest and cans be powered from 24 to 32 V/5A dual power supply. You must try this circuit. Its working great. Because 4 transistors (2 x 2n3055 and mj 2955) on the final amplifier will of some very hot then add the aluminum finned cooler and the fan so That the transistor is not too high temperatures

SOURCE : http://skema-amplifier.blogspot.com

300W Power amplifier for subwoofer

The 300W Amplifier circuit is shown it is a reasonably conventional design. Connections are provided for the Internal SIM, and filtering is provided for RF protection (R1, C2). The input is via a 4.7uF bipolar cap, as this provides lots of capacitance in a small size. Because of the impedance, little or no degradation of sound will be apparent. A polyester cap may be used if you prefer - 1uF with the nominal 22k input impedance will give a -3dB frequency of 7.2Hz, which is quite low enough for any sub.

Continuous power into 8 ohms is typically over 150W (250W for ±70V supplies), and it can be used without additional transistors at full power into an 8 ohm load all day, every day. The additional transistors are only needed if you want to do the same thing into 4 ohms at maximum supply voltage

Although I have shown MJL4281A and MJL4302A output transistors, because they are new most constructors will find that these are not as easy to get as they should be. The alternatives are MJL3281/ MJL1302 or MJL21193/ MJL21194.

Because this amplifier circuit operates in "pure" Class-B (something of a contradiction of terms, I think), the high frequency distortion will be relatively high, and is probably unsuited to high power hi-fi. At the low frequency end of the spectrum, there is lots of negative feedback, and distortion is actually rather good, at about 0.04% up to 1kHz. My initial tests and reports from others indicate that there are no audible artefacts at high frequencies, but the recommendation remains.

Circuit from: www.sound.westhost.com

6 Volt battery charger series

Here is the circuit diagram of a low cost charger for 6 volt batteries. This circuit requires a regulated 10V-DC front end capable of supplying 2 Amps. Begins the charge period at 240mA and at full charge switches automatically to a float condition of 12mA. The capacitors should be the electrolytic 25V or greater.

6 Volt Battery Charger scheme

Switching transistor T1 is an TIP31C NPN transistor, Si-Power Output/SW, with a TO-220 case and can be changed by using a appropriate substitute such as the NTE291, ECG291, etc. Timer/Oscillator U1 is a 8-pin NE555V and can be changed with a NTE955M or ECG955M. Resistors R4, R5, R6, and R7 are 1% metal film types.

SOURCE : http://elektroarea.blogspot.com

Smoke detector

This is a simple Smoke Detector circuit based on a LDR and lamp pair for sensing the fire. It uses a very simple approach to detecting smoke in the air. The alarm works by sensing the smoke produced during fire. The circuit produces an audible alarm when the fire breaks out with smoke.

Smoke Detector circuit using LDR

When there is no smoke the light from the bulb will be directly falling on the LDR.The LDR resistance will be low and so the voltage across it (below .6V).The transistor will be OFF and nothing happens. When there is sufficient smoke to mask the light from falling on LDR, the LDR resistance increases and so do the voltage across it.Now the transistor will switch to ON.This gives power to the IC1 and it outputs 5V.This powers the tone generator IC2 to play a music.This music will be amplified by IC3 to drive the speaker.

The diode D1 and D2 in combination drops 1.4 V to give the rated voltage (3.5V ) to UM66 .UM 66 cannot withstand more than 4V.

Source:http://elektroarea.blogspot.com

Stereo audio amplifier with TDA 2004

The TDA2004A is a class B dual audio power amplifier (10 + 10W STEREO AMPLIFIER) in MULTIWATT package specifically designed for car radio applications.
stereo amplifiers are easily designed using this device that provides a high current capability (up to 3.5A) and that can drive very low impedance loads (down to 1.6 ohm).
Its main features are :
Low distortion, Low noise, High reliability of the chip and of the package with additional safety during operation.
space and cost saving : very low number of external components,very simple mounting system with no electrical isolation between the packageand the heatsink.
you can see the schematic circuit for amplifier aplication below:

with this circuit you can easily boost your audio level, from your stereo walkman, Ipod, tuner, MP3 or MP4 player, portable receiver, laptop or PC.
PIN connection of TDA 2004 is described in this picture:

The maximum operating DC voltage on the TDA2004A is 18 V.
However the device can withstand a DC voltage up to 28V with no damage.
this information above is based from datasheet TDA2004A issued by SGS-Thomson Microelectronics

Source:http://quazen.com

Low pass filter - subwoofer circuit

The acoustic spectrum is extended by very low frequencies 20Iz and reaches as the 20000Iz in high frequencies. In the low frequencies is degraded the sense of direction. This reason us leads to the utilization speaker for the attribution of very low frequencies. The manufacture that to you we propose distinguishes these frequencies, in order to him we lead to the corresponding amplifier. The acoustic filters are met in various points in the sound systems. The knownest application they are the filters baxandal for regulating tone low and high frequencies and filters crossover where the acoustic region is separated in subareas, in order to it leads the corresponding loudspeakers. The application that to you we propose is a simple filter of region that limits the acoustic region (20-20000Hz) in the region 20-100Hz.

With the manufacture that to you we propose you can make a active filter in order to you lead a loudspeaker of very low frequencies. With this you will place one bigger speaker between the HIFI speakers of you. In order to you have a complete picture of sound you will need also the corresponding amplifier. In the entry of circuit you will connect the two exits of preamplifier or the exit of line of some preamplifier. The circuit of manufacture allocates a exit in order to is led means of circuit of force subwoofer. If for some reason you do not have space in order to you place the third speaker in space of hearing, then you can select smaller speaker. The output will depend from the type of music that you hear. If in deed you have space, then after you make a filter and remain thanked, you can him recommend in your friends or still make other same for your friends.

Circuit diagram

In the form it appears the theoretical circuit of filter. In first glance we see three different circuits that are mainly manufactured round two operational amplifiers. This circuits constitute mixed, amplifier with variable aid and a variable filter. The manufacture end needs a circuit of catering with operational tendency of catering equal with �12. the operational amplifiers that constitute the active elements for this circuits of are double operational type as the TL082 and NE5532. The operational these amplifiers belong in a family provided with transistor of effect of field IFET in their entries. Each member of family allocates in their circuit bipolar transistor and effect of field. This circuits can function in his high tendency, because that they use transistor of high tendency. Also they have high honor of rhythm of elevation (slew rate), low current of polarization for the entries and are influenced little by the temperature. The operational these amplifiers have breadth of area unity gain bandwidth 3MHz. A other important element for their choice is the big reject of noise, when this exists in the line of catering.

The price of reject is bigger than 80dB, their consumption is small, from 11 until 3 mA. They are internally sold in nutshell with eight pins and allocate two operational amplifiers, In the same line in nutshell 14 pins they incorporate four operational, In the trade they are sold with code TL074, TL084 and TL064, In nutshell with eight pins they are sold operational amplifiers TL061 TL071 kajTL081. In the manufacture we used the TL082 that has two operational. First operational from the TL082 it works as amplifier and mixed for the two channels, In his negative entry he exists one small mixed with two resistances. A potentiometer in this rung determines the aid of circuit. In the point this left winger and the right channel of preamplifier they are added means of two resistances. En continuity the operational strengthens signal with aid made dependent from the price that has the potentiometer.

The place of runner is proportional with the aid of circuit. The second operational amplifier is the filter of manufacture. The filter of is acoustic frequency of second class and he is made with the materials that are round the operational amplifier. The filter of is low passage with variable frequency of cutting off. This frequency can be altered and take prices from very low frequency the 30Hz or still exceed 150Hz. The frequency of cutting off of filter depends from the prices that have the elements of circuit. Altering the values of elements we can have frequency of cutting off 150Iz, 130Iz, J00Iz, 7�z, 6�z even 3�z, this prices they can be achieved with the simple rotation of double potentiometer. The circuit of filter has been made around one operational' that it has completed TL082 that is double operational amplifier. In the exit of filter we will link the plug of expense where is connected the amplifier. In the exit of circuit is presented, the limited as for the breadth of frequencies, signal that we apply in the entry of circuit.

Manufacture

Parts
R1 = 39 Kohm
R2 = 39 Kohm
R3 = 47 Kohm
R4 = 10 Ohm
R5 = 22 Kohm
R6 = 4,7 Kohm
R7 = 22 Kohm
R8 = 4,7 Kohm
R9 = 10 Ohm
R10 = 220 Ohm
C1 = 39 pF
C2 = 0.1 uF
C3 = 0.1 uF
C4 = 0.2 uF
C5 = 0.4 uF
C6 = 0.1 uF
C7 = 0.1 uF
IC1 = TL064

In order to you make the manufacture you will need printed that appears in the form. In this you will place the materials according to the following form. The materials are enough also easy can become certain errors. With few attention however you can him avoid. If they are presented difference malfunctions, you check carefully the circuit. The circuit, as we said, is filter and it should they are used materially good precision and quality, particularly for the capacitors. The capacitors of filters will have tolerance 5%. Of course, the manufacture will also work with material of lower quality, the trial of manufacture can become with acoustic signal of generator We apply the generator in the entry of manufacture and we measure with a voltmeter the tendency in the exit of filter. If we alter the potentiometer and are altered the tendency, then all have well.

Source:http://www.free-electronic-circuits.com/

Causes transistor horizontal off instantly

What causes Transistor Horizontal Off Instantly

Most of the technicians certainly never experienced anything like this, where when he discovered the transistor HOT (horizontal output transistor) are damaged, and then replace them with new ones, but when trying to turn the transistor was a while back damaged.

Why does this happen?, Here are the things that cause instant damage suffered HOT transistor:

1. Resonant Capacitor

Resonant capacitor or the so-called safety capacitor / capacitors damper located at the collector transistor HOT shock mounted to reduce the voltage generated by the flyback transformer in a way to fill absorb these voltage capacitors, these capacitors typically have a working voltage of 1.6 kV, if capacitor damaged, short, capacitance decreased or solderanya loose, then there is nothing to absorb the shock voltage that causes the transistor HOT damaged instantly.

How could this happen?, Let's do the following experiment to obtain a clearer picture:

- Prepare a transformer power supply that is usually used for an amplifier or a radio / tape / DVD Compo is still good. If you can find imported brands transformer is not a local transformer
- Take the AVO-meter and set at X1 position
- Hold the red and black probe on the metal-contacts / tip of the plug (not held in the plastic), tip of the red plug is held with the left hand while black jack tip is held with the right hand.
- Paste the moment the two probes at the terminal 220v ac input transformer and then remove with fingers still attached to the metal tip of the AVO-meter probe.
- At the time of releasing the contact probe, it will be felt a shock or a small electric shock.

Where it comes from stress this surprise?, And we know that the AVO-meter uses only 3-volt battery voltage only.

In all inductors (coils) through which the DC current and then disconnected, then the flow will suddenly disappear. The current that disappeared abruptly with a very short time this will raise the voltage shock that time was very short so-called stress "induced self" (self-induction) on the coil itself. This self-induced voltage magnitude to several tens of times the voltage of DC origin. Self-induced voltage is what causes a shock when we measure the power supply transformer.

So that happened on the flyback transformer primary coil. Transformer current is passed through the shaped pulses on-off repeatedly with high frequency voltage shock that can generate up to tens of thousands of volts.

Resonant capacitor are used to "absorb" the shock of this high voltage by absorbing the voltage to charge the capacitor.
Therefore, if the resonant capacitor until loose solderannya or capacitance values fall, then the induced voltage from the flyback transformer does not have a mute. Tens of thousand volt electric shock will be received by the collector of transistor HOT causing transistor die instantly because it is not resistant.

If the resonant capacitor is damaged, but still hold the HOT transistor working up to several tens of seconds only, then it can cause:

The voltage output from the flyback, such as the heater, screen, anode voltage (HV) etc will rise.
If the aircraft is equipped with X-ray protector, the protector will actively work
Raster narrowed slightly left-right
Internal jump occurred in the high voltage flyback flyback which could damage itself, or damaging the internal high voltage capacitor is in the flyback.
There is a possibility of damaging the picture tube (arising stepping fire therein).
In normal conditions, when the transistor HOT work, there are 2 kinds of voltage received by the collector of transistor HOT.

DC voltage B +
Shaped voltage pulses of magnitude less than 10x the voltage B +. Therefore HOT transistor must withstand a minimum of work on the voltage 1500v.
If the value of resonant capacitor value is enlarged (plus the way diparalel for example), it will result in:

High-voltage anode drop
The speed of electron beam from cathode towards anode (screen) decreases, causing the brightness of the image also decreases.
Electron beam so much easier to be deflected by a deflection coil (yoke) so that the raster will expand more broadly, both vertical and horizontal.
2. Flyback short on primary coil

In normal conditions, when the transistor HOT on condition "on" then the current through the transistor size will be limited by the "inductive reactance" flyback primary coil. If the primary coil flyback short, then there is nothing that limits these currents, so the HOT transistor can die instantly.
Keruskan flyback at the secondary or damage to the deflection coil (yoke) horizontal well can menyebablan HOT transistor is broken, but generally do not cause instantaneous death.

How to prevent damage to transistor HOT died on the spot over and over?, Before replacing the HOT transistor, then do the examination as follows:

- Check solderan and resonant capacitor capacitance value. What is Multi-meter you have to to check the capacitors?
- Check if the flyback transformer primary coil is not short. examination of the flyback transformer primary coil can be used ESR-meter, so it does not have to bother to let go. Under normal conditions, the ESR-meter needle does not move.
- Check whether the deflection coil (yoke) horizontal section is not short. Check with the ESR meter such as checking the flyback transformer, so no longer need to remove it.

Another way to check if it does not have the ESR-meter or a capacitance-meter:

Provide a 100W light bulb and give more or less 2x20cm cable connection.
Disconnect the relationship between the pin-point with collector transistor flyback HOT.
HOT new transistor pairs.
Put the lamp between the flyback with collectors.
Turn on the plane. Lamp will light. Check if the voltage screen out (set the maximum screen VR)
If no screen voltage circuit means there is a problem, such as flyback damaged.
If the high screen voltage (200V more), the possibility of resonant capacitor defective
If the screen voltage of about 150v or less, probably no problem. Means it is safe to install HOT transistor.

Sumber :http://beteve.com/
Penulis : Sumarsono Budiharjo
Editor : Ashif

Inventer DC to AC

In this section discussed about dc to ac inverter, inverter circuit or the circuit will change the 12 volts to 120 volts dc ac.rangkaian is used if the car you will turn on the television or other audio device. This series of fairly simple because it only uses 2 transistors are the type 2N 3055 NPN transistor.Dan will be presented the links to sites that provide tutorials and free electronic circuit. To get a clear picture of the circuit is click on the image sequence.

q1, q2, and t1 affect the amount of watts produced pad, you can use larger transistors to get more power as well as well as for the transformer. t1 here use 15 amps, with a series like this generated power 300 watts. to change the output voltage can be wrapped around your own secondary coil t1, multiply the windings to voltage greater. attach a safety fuse in the output.

List of components:
Part Total Qty. Description Substitutions C1, C2 2 68 uf, 25 V Tantalum Capacitor R1, R2 2 10 Ohm, 5 Watt Resistor R3, R4 2180 Ohm, 1 Watt Resistor D1, D2 2 HEP 154 Silicon Diode Q1, Q2 2 2N3055 NPN transistors (see "Notes") T1 1 24V, Center Tapped Transformer (see "Notes") MISC 1 Wire, Case, Receptical (For Output

FM Tranmiter

In this section discuss about the mini fm transmitter, with a range of broadcasting about 300-400 meters. when using a 9 volt working voltage, the transmit power of about 300 meters and when using the working voltage 12 volts, the range of about 400-450 meters, depending on the antenna you use. And will be presented the links to sites that provide tutorials and free electronic circuit. To get a clear picture of the scheme / circuit is click on the image sequence. Good luck!

L1 and l2 to 5 times the wrap windings, you can use a pen to fill melilitnya so neat and after finishing off the contents of a ballpoint pen was tsb.c5 digu8nakan for the placement of broadcast frequencies. can be tuned between 88-108 mhz, to reach further use Yagi antenna steering.

List of components:
Part Total Qty. Description Substitutions 0.001uf Disc Capacitor C1 1 C2 1 5.6pf Disc Capacitor C3, C4 2 10uf Electrolytic Capacitor C5 1 3-18pf Adjustable Cap R1 1 270 Ohm 1/8W Resistor 270 Ohm 1/4W Resistor R2, R5, R6 3 4.7k 1/8W Resistor 4.7K 1/4W Resistor R3 1 10k 1/8W Resistor 10K 1/4W Resistor R4 1 100k 1/8W Resistor 100K 1/4W Resistor Q1, Q2 2 2N2222A NPN Transistor 2N3904 L1, L2 2 5 Turn Air Core MIC 1 Electret Microphone Coil MISC 1 9V Battery Snap, PC Board, Wire For Antenna

Touch based switch IC 555

This is the simple circuit of diagram of a small touch using IC NE 555 . This circuit is ideally useful for making touch operated doorbells, buzzers, toys etc which when touched on the touch plate operates the relay for a preset time and the turns off automatically.
the circuit is realized by utilizing the high input impedance of trigger pin of the IC 555. When the IC is triggered by the induced voltage of human body the output goes high for a time determined by R1 and C1. The transistor is used to drive the relay. The relay contacts can be used to drive the load like bell, motor , lights etc.